The ethical acceptability and reliability of scientific research require that the research is conducted according to good scientific practice. This includes, among other things, using sources in scholarly writing in a way that respects authors’ rights. For example, justify the claims in your thesis with your own analysis and previously published research, which you cite.
The Finnish National Board on Research Integrity (TENK) promotes good scientific practice and prevents scientific misconduct.
Plagiarism is presenting another person’s work as your own without properly acknowledging the original source. Plagiarism can involve copying someone else’s ideas, information, or text. It includes both direct copying and paraphrasing without citation. If you paraphrase someone’s text in your own words, you must still cite the original source.
According to copyright law, the copyright of a literary or artistic work belongs to its author(s). A work can be, for example, a thesis, article, photograph, or play. Submitting a thesis electronically does not affect copyright—the author retains the rights. The copyright holder has the right to make copies of the work and make it publicly available. If an article’s author has signed a publishing agreement transferring all rights to the publisher, the publisher or journal may prohibit, for example, open archiving.
It is permitted to quote from a published work in accordance with good practice and to the extent required by the purpose. Source information must always be properly indicated. The allowed length and use of quotations depend on the type of work and are determined case by case. Photographs taken by others may not be used without permission.